Bakterie powodujące boreliozę aby chronić się wytwarzają tak zwaną tarczę ,która nazywamy biofilmem.Ukrywanie się za biofilmem powoduje ze wiele lekow do nich nie dociera..
Biofilm jest dla bakterii jak bezpieczny dom.
Bakterie Boreliozy są w stanie współpracować z innymi bakteriami, aby razem tworzyć tarczę ( biofilm) - University of New Haven 22 luty 2016.
https://consumer.healthday.com/diseases-and-conditions-information-37/lyme-disease-news-454/lyme-disease-agent-that-eludes-antibiotics-found-study-708316.html
Odkrycie iż bakterie Borrelia tworza biofilm wyjasnia dlaczego po zakończeniu leczenia u wielu pacjentow wracają objawy.Bo bakterie ukryte w biofilmie nie zostały zniszczone.
W University of New Haven ustalono ze bakterie Borrelia tworzą biofilm 1000 razy bardziej odporny na zniszczenie niż biofilmy,ktore tworzą inne bakterie.Zgłosili swoje odkrycie do the European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology.
Większość leków i ziół nie może penetrować do wnętrza biofilmu. .
Nie tylko bakterie Borreli ale tez inne gronkowce i paciorkowce tworzą biofilm w którym się ukrywają.
Bakterie potrafią się komunikować miedzy sobą.Potrafia dzielić się informacjami nazywa się taki przepływ informacji - ,,informacja genetyczna,,. Bakteria z Lyme pobiera tysiące genów z innych gatunków. W rezultacie tej wymiany może powstać niebezpieczna zmutowana bakteria Borreli.
W szczególności, jeżeli bakterie Borreli pobiorą gen oporności na antybiotyki.
Powstanie wtedy ,,niezniszczalna,, mutacja.
Prawe wszystkie bakterie mogą tworzyć biofilm. Jest to tylko jeden z wielu mechanizmów stosowanych przez bakterie, aby chronić się przed odpowiedzią immunologiczna organizmu i antybiotyków oraz innych leków.
Odkrycie to może prowadzić do nowych wytycznych leczenia Boreliozy - stwierdziła Eva Sapi."Te odkrycia mogą zmienić nasz sposób myślenia o boreliozie, zwłaszcza u pacjenta, u którego mimo długotrwałego leczenia antybiotykami utrzymują się objawy." powiedziała w komunikacie prasowym - Eva Sapi."To ostatnie odkrycie może pomóc lepiej zrozumieć, jak Borrelia potrafi przetrwać leczenie,,
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W ciągu 21 dni Borrelia mogą budować ogromne biofilmy.- powiedział : dr.Walter Berghoff (PD,MD)
http://www.tekenbeetziekten.nl/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/VERSLAG-LYME-CONFERENCE-2015-INVINTRO-BV-SURON-door-Monica-van-der-Lem.pdf.
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Jest to pierwsze badanie, które wykazuje obecność biofilmu zakażonego Borrelia w ludzkiej tkance skórnej
http://www.akademiai.com/doi/abs/10.1556/1886.2015.00049
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Bakterie Boreliozy potrafią przetrwać pomimo antybiotykoterapii.Podawanie Tinidazolu w pulsach,ceftriaxone i doxycycline
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3636972/
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Antybiotyki takie jak : daptomycyna, daunomycyna, doksorubicyna i mitomycyna C.
Pozytywnie dzialaja na rozbijanie B. burgdorferi persisters.Odkrycia te mogą mieć wpływ na poprawę leczenia boreliozy.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26903956
----------------------------------------------------------------
Tindamax TINIDAZOL
Serrapeptase, Stevia, Boluke, Nattokinase, EDTA
https://www.facebook.com/drrichardhorowitz/posts/724990537589747
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Monolaurin - Zabija bakterie.( Borelioza,Bartonella,Babesia)
Serrapeptase – Nattokinsae – Bromelain rozpuszczają tarcze biofilmu i torbiele
Grapefruit Seed Extract – Papain( enzym z Papaja)rozpuszczają tarcze biofilmu i torbiele ( oslabia działanie antybiotyku np.Doxycykliny)
http://www.ppt-health.com/disease-protocols/lyme-disease/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STEVIA - Eva Sapi
7 kropli Stevia na szklankę wody.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4681354/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.digestioncoach.com/biofilm-protocol-basics/
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Angelica Root, Angelica Sinensis, Dzięgiel chiński ,Chińska nazwa : Dang Gui14
White Peony Root, Paeonia lactiflora Pall , Piwonia (Paeonia) biała,Chińska nazwa: Bai Shao17
Tree Peony, Paeonia suffruticosa, Piwonia drzewiasta,Chińska nazwa : Mu Dan Pi19
14. Chen, John K., and Tina T. Chen. 2004. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., pp. 918 – 924.
17. Chen, John K., and Tina T. Chen. 2004. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., pp. 930 – 934.
19. Chen, John K., and Tina T. Chen. 2004. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., pp. 160 – 162.
http://goodbyelyme.com/free_articles/biofilm/nitric_oxide_herbs
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Jak dzialaja antybiotyki na bakterie i Biofilm i jakie stężenie maja po 72 godzinach - tabele i zdiecia
http://www.biologischmedischcentrumbmc.nl/Lyme%20treatment%20Tinidazole.htm
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In this study, our working hypothesis was that for an efficient therapy, we have to find antimicrobial agents that can eliminate all the forms of B. burgdorferi. During the course of Borrelia infection, the bacteriumcan shift among the different forms, converting from the spirochete form to the others when presented with an unfavorable environment and reverting to the spirochete when the condition is again favorable for growth.1-4 To successfully eradicate B. burgdorferi, antimicrobial agents should eliminate all those forms, including the spirochetes, round bodies, and biofilmlike colonies.
Here we have provided evidence that two natural antimicrobial agents (Samento and Banderol extracts) had significant effect on all three known forms of B. burgdorferi bacteria in vitro. We have also demonstrated that doxycycline, one of the primary antibiotics used in the clinic to treat Lyme disease, only had significant effect on the spirochetal form of B. burgdorferi.5
Our later results might provide some explanation for why relapse is so common after discontinuing antibiotic therapy. For example, some of the recent reports on animal experiments demonstrated that although pharmaceutical antibiotics are effective in ameliorating disease, the infection may persist even after seemingly effective therapy, which suggested that Borrelia may remain viable even after antibiotic administration.14-15 If those pharmaceutical antibiotics only eliminate one form of this bacterium, the other forms could be the source of the persistent disease.
The other very important fact needs to be considered for an effective treatment for Borrelia infection: this bacterium typically has a life span ranging from several weeks to six to eight months; therefore, it may take six to eight months for even one generation of Borrelia to become exposed to the antimicrobial for elimination.16 Since the herbal extracts like Samento are reported to be nontoxic, they can be safely taken daily for the long period of time necessary to thoroughly eradicate Borrelia from an infected body.17
In summary, our study has provided in vitro research data on a novel treatment approach using herbal antimicrobial agents to efficiently eradicate B. burgdorferi, the Lyme disease bacterium.----------------------------------------------------------------
There is an alternative clinical treatment option gaining wide use, called Cowden Condensed Support Program, that utilizes several herbal extracts designed to eliminate microbes in Lyme disease patients. Richard Horowitz, MD, president of the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Educational Foundation (ILADEF), has prescribed this protocol for over 2000 of his patient and reports that it has been effective for more than 70% of them. The two herbal agents from the Cowden Condensed Support Program selected for this study are Samento (a pentacyclic chemotype of Cat's Claw [Uncaria tomentosa] that does not contain tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids), with reported antibacterial and antiviral properties, and Banderol (Otoba sp.), known to have antibacterial, antiprotozoal and anti-inflammatory effects.10-12 Both herbal agents are used during the first two months of Cowden Condensed Support Program, then in rotation with other antimicrobials for the duration of this 6-month protocol.
(...)
Samento and Banderol were obtained from Nutramedix LLC (Jupiter, Florida).
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Stress and biofilms
The stress hormone norepinephrine affects parts of the brain where attention and responding actions are controlled. Along with epinephrine, norepinephrine also underlies the fight-or-flight response, directly increasing heart rate, triggering the release of glucose from energy stores, and increasing blood flow to skeletal muscle. Norepinephrine is synthesized from dopamine by dopamine β-hydroxylase. The gene for dopamine β-hydroxylase has shown some association linkages with the gene that controls ABO blood type. (8)
Norepinephrine can substitute for the AI-3 auto-inducer and result in biofilm growth. Both epinephrine and norepinephrine are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Since the major link between ABO and dopamine appears to be via the null alleles (people who are type O blood) we could hypothesize that blood group O individuals, who are highly stressed (or otherwise hyper-adrenalized), may have more problems with infections or overgrowth in the gut. This may be especially relevant for those type O individuals who possess the "Hunter" epigenotype.
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Herbal medicine and biofilms
I've been using this herbal combination in my practice for chronic, stubborn or otherwise long-lasting infectious states. Its components address many of the issues that I've discussed above.
Seaweeds
Seaweeds are well-known to possess an amazing ability to resist biofilm formation. This is probably an evolutionary adaptation to the harsh demands of having to eek out a living at the interface of land and sea, a bioterrain full of life and threats. Marine scientists and surgeons from Newcastle University are currently developing a nasal spray that uses the enzyme NucB found in seaweed to help clear chronic sinusitis. When tested on biofilms from 24 different strains of sinusitis bacteria, NucB broke through and dispersed 58 percent of them. Once these biofilms are dispersed, the released bacteria are helpless against the very antibiotics they once repelled as a group. (20,21)
Andrographis paniculata
Since ancient times, Andrographis has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic systems of medicine as well as in tribal medicine in India and some other countries. The plant extract exhibits antityphoid and antifungal activities. (9) Andrographis is also reported to possess hepato-protective, antibiotic, antimalarial, and anti-inflammatory properties. (10)
Andrographolide, the main active component of the herb Andrographis paniculata was recently reported to act by inhibiting the bacterial quorum sensing system. (11) A recent study using variations (analogues) of andrographolide verified this observation. (12)
Andrographis has unquestioned activity in chronic respiratory problems. I think the next few years will witness this plant assuming precedence in infectious disease management that few herbs (with perhaps the exception of Artemesia annua for malaria) ever achieve.
Scutellaria baicalensis
Chinese Skullcap flavonoid is a member of the mint family and has long been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine, as a digestive aid, and to normalize an over-active digestive system. Scutellaria has been shown to decrease inflammatory cytokine production from human mast cells (immune system hormones which ramp up inflammation). Scutellaria also has a cell-regulating effect; encouraging the body to more efficiently remove cells which have become dysfunctional, either though age or malformation. (13)
Baicalein, a flavone found in the leaves of Scutellaria, has been shown to affect the ability of bacteria to adapt to antibiotics. Bacteria become resistant to medication such as antibiotics by maximizing their ability to flush them out of their cell bodies. Scutellaria blocks this by inhibiting the removal (efflux) of the drug through what are called MDR (multiple drug resistance) pumps. When used with antibiotics, Baicalein noticably increased the efficacy of several antibiotics. (14)
Chinese Skullcap has a variety of actions in the body but I've found that the real benefit of the herb in instances of infection is its remarkable ability to limit the ability of microbes to develop resistance to medication. There is also some evidence that Chinese Skullcap is directly damaging to the bacteria outer membrane as well.
Schisandra chinensis
A renowned herb in Chinese medicine, Schisandra invigorates the RNA-DNA molecules to reconstruct cells and enhance the fitness of the adrenal glands. Adaptogenic herbs, like schisandra, have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to improve the ability of the body to respond to stress. (15) The major constituents in schisandra are lignans (schizandrin, deoxyschizandrin, gomisins, and pregomisin) found in the seeds of the fruit. Modern Chinese research suggests these lignans have a protective effect on the liver and an immunomodulating effect. (16)
Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae
Practitioners of Chinese medicine believe that Atractylodes affects the Spleen and Stomach meridians, or energy pathways in the body, serving as a "Spleen Qi tonic," meaning that it rebuilds metabolic function by increasing nutrition, increasing energy, and regulating fluids. White Atractylodes is also thought to have restorative, normalizing effects on the digestive system and liver. (17)
Eleutherococcus senticosus
This herb is also known as Siberian ginseng. The applicable parts of Siberian ginseng are the root and leaf. The lignin constituent sesamin, and the phenylpropanoid syringin seem to have immunostimulatory effects. (18) Long known as an adaptogen, Siberian Ginseng is considered to possess stress-modulating effects, including optimization of the HPA (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal "fight or flight" stress axis. Siberian ginseng and Schisandra chinensis stimulate the expression of chemicals (Hsp70, Hsp72) involved in the chemical defense against stress. (19)
I like using these herbs in an otherwise rather "allopathic" formula since it is important to remember that tissue repair and healing is critical to preventing recurrence. Stress seems to really impact biofilm formation, so controlling (modulating) noradrenaline levels in the gut makes a lot of sense.
This herbal approach works well with whatever anti-lectin therapy (diet, anti-adhesion supplements) I'm using with the patient.
http://www.dadamo.com/txt/index.pl?1025
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Biofilm jest dla bakterii jak bezpieczny dom.
Bakterie Boreliozy są w stanie współpracować z innymi bakteriami, aby razem tworzyć tarczę ( biofilm) - University of New Haven 22 luty 2016.
https://consumer.healthday.com/diseases-and-conditions-information-37/lyme-disease-news-454/lyme-disease-agent-that-eludes-antibiotics-found-study-708316.html
Odkrycie iż bakterie Borrelia tworza biofilm wyjasnia dlaczego po zakończeniu leczenia u wielu pacjentow wracają objawy.Bo bakterie ukryte w biofilmie nie zostały zniszczone.
W University of New Haven ustalono ze bakterie Borrelia tworzą biofilm 1000 razy bardziej odporny na zniszczenie niż biofilmy,ktore tworzą inne bakterie.Zgłosili swoje odkrycie do the European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology.
Większość leków i ziół nie może penetrować do wnętrza biofilmu. .
Nie tylko bakterie Borreli ale tez inne gronkowce i paciorkowce tworzą biofilm w którym się ukrywają.
Bakterie potrafią się komunikować miedzy sobą.Potrafia dzielić się informacjami nazywa się taki przepływ informacji - ,,informacja genetyczna,,. Bakteria z Lyme pobiera tysiące genów z innych gatunków. W rezultacie tej wymiany może powstać niebezpieczna zmutowana bakteria Borreli.
W szczególności, jeżeli bakterie Borreli pobiorą gen oporności na antybiotyki.
Powstanie wtedy ,,niezniszczalna,, mutacja.
Prawe wszystkie bakterie mogą tworzyć biofilm. Jest to tylko jeden z wielu mechanizmów stosowanych przez bakterie, aby chronić się przed odpowiedzią immunologiczna organizmu i antybiotyków oraz innych leków.
Odkrycie to może prowadzić do nowych wytycznych leczenia Boreliozy - stwierdziła Eva Sapi."Te odkrycia mogą zmienić nasz sposób myślenia o boreliozie, zwłaszcza u pacjenta, u którego mimo długotrwałego leczenia antybiotykami utrzymują się objawy." powiedziała w komunikacie prasowym - Eva Sapi."To ostatnie odkrycie może pomóc lepiej zrozumieć, jak Borrelia potrafi przetrwać leczenie,,
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W ciągu 21 dni Borrelia mogą budować ogromne biofilmy.- powiedział : dr.Walter Berghoff (PD,MD)
http://www.tekenbeetziekten.nl/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/VERSLAG-LYME-CONFERENCE-2015-INVINTRO-BV-SURON-door-Monica-van-der-Lem.pdf.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jest to pierwsze badanie, które wykazuje obecność biofilmu zakażonego Borrelia w ludzkiej tkance skórnej
http://www.akademiai.com/doi/abs/10.1556/1886.2015.00049
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bakterie Boreliozy potrafią przetrwać pomimo antybiotykoterapii.Podawanie Tinidazolu w pulsach,ceftriaxone i doxycycline
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3636972/
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Antybiotyki takie jak : daptomycyna, daunomycyna, doksorubicyna i mitomycyna C.
Pozytywnie dzialaja na rozbijanie B. burgdorferi persisters.Odkrycia te mogą mieć wpływ na poprawę leczenia boreliozy.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26903956
----------------------------------------------------------------
Tindamax TINIDAZOL
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132871/
Metronidazol
http://www.tekenbeetziekten.nl/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/VERSLAG-LYME-CONFERENCE-2015-INVINTRO-BV-SURON-door-Monica-van-der-Lem.pdf.
Metronidazol
http://www.tekenbeetziekten.nl/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/VERSLAG-LYME-CONFERENCE-2015-INVINTRO-BV-SURON-door-Monica-van-der-Lem.pdf.
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PLAQUENIL :
,,Our study suggested that exposure of Borrelia burgdorferi cultures to concentrations greater than minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of doxycycline (>25µg/ml) and hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) (>50µg/ml) significantly reduced the spirochete population but unfortunately also increased the number of cystic forms. However, similar treatment of 5- nitroimidazoles such as metronidazole (greater than MBC as >35µg/ml) and tinidazole (greater than MBC as >32µg/ml) led to reduction of cystic forms in the culture. Furthermore, when combinations of most effective concentrations of 5- nitroimidazoles and tetracycline were tested in vitro, both cystic and spirochete forms of Borrelia burgdorferi were significantly eliminated Our study suggests that Borrelia burgdorferi specific combination therapy for Lyme disease patients might provide treatment option with a better outcome.,,
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Dr.Horowitz:PLAQUENIL :
,,Our study suggested that exposure of Borrelia burgdorferi cultures to concentrations greater than minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of doxycycline (>25µg/ml) and hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) (>50µg/ml) significantly reduced the spirochete population but unfortunately also increased the number of cystic forms. However, similar treatment of 5- nitroimidazoles such as metronidazole (greater than MBC as >35µg/ml) and tinidazole (greater than MBC as >32µg/ml) led to reduction of cystic forms in the culture. Furthermore, when combinations of most effective concentrations of 5- nitroimidazoles and tetracycline were tested in vitro, both cystic and spirochete forms of Borrelia burgdorferi were significantly eliminated Our study suggests that Borrelia burgdorferi specific combination therapy for Lyme disease patients might provide treatment option with a better outcome.,,
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Serrapeptase, Stevia, Boluke, Nattokinase, EDTA
https://www.facebook.com/drrichardhorowitz/posts/724990537589747
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Monolaurin - Zabija bakterie.( Borelioza,Bartonella,Babesia)
Serrapeptase – Nattokinsae – Bromelain rozpuszczają tarcze biofilmu i torbiele
Grapefruit Seed Extract – Papain( enzym z Papaja)rozpuszczają tarcze biofilmu i torbiele ( oslabia działanie antybiotyku np.Doxycykliny)
http://www.ppt-health.com/disease-protocols/lyme-disease/
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STEVIA - Eva Sapi
7 kropli Stevia na szklankę wody.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4681354/
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nattokinase pomaga w nieszczeniu biofilmu - Buhner
http://buhnerhealinglyme.com/
http://www.tiredoflyme.com/biofilm.html
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Samento i Banderol - cysty i biofilm
http://www.biologischmedischcentrumbmc.nl/Lyme%20behandeling.htm
http://www.townsendletter.com/July2010/sapi0710.html
http://www.newhaven.edu/news-events/82773.pdf
--------------------------------------------------
Serrapeptase
Serrapeptase
Lumbrokinase
Nattokinasehttp://www.tiredoflyme.com/biofilm.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Samento i Banderol - cysty i biofilm
http://www.biologischmedischcentrumbmc.nl/Lyme%20behandeling.htm
http://www.townsendletter.com/July2010/sapi0710.html
http://www.newhaven.edu/news-events/82773.pdf
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cistus incanus
Manuka- miód
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- Monolaurin albo Lauricidin - kwas laurynowy.
- Nattokinase
- InterFase Plus™
- NAC (N-Ace Tyl-cysteina)
- Lactoferrin /Laktoferyna
- Xylitol /Ksylitol (alkohol cukrowy)
- Extra-Virgin Coconut Oil /olej kokosowy
- Serrapeptase
- Guaifenesin /Gwajafenezyna (Extra-Strength Mucinex)
- Turmeric/kurkuma, Neem oil/olej , Reishi grzybek
- BFB-1 ™ i BFB-2 ™ (preparaty olejku)
- Smilax Officinalis
- Carbonized Bamboo
- Bladderwrack /glony
Unikać uzupełniania minerałów, a w szczególności: żelaza, magnezu i wapnia w trakcie zazywania protokołu na biofilm, gdyż może to się przyczyniać się do powstawania biofilmu lub zwiększać gęstość biofilmu, zmniejszając tym samym ogólną skuteczność protokołu.
http://www.digestioncoach.com/biofilm-protocol-basics/
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Angelica Root, Angelica Sinensis, Dzięgiel chiński ,Chińska nazwa : Dang Gui14
White Peony Root, Paeonia lactiflora Pall , Piwonia (Paeonia) biała,Chińska nazwa: Bai Shao17
Tree Peony, Paeonia suffruticosa, Piwonia drzewiasta,Chińska nazwa : Mu Dan Pi19
14. Chen, John K., and Tina T. Chen. 2004. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., pp. 918 – 924.
17. Chen, John K., and Tina T. Chen. 2004. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., pp. 930 – 934.
19. Chen, John K., and Tina T. Chen. 2004. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., pp. 160 – 162.
http://goodbyelyme.com/free_articles/biofilm/nitric_oxide_herbs
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Jak dzialaja antybiotyki na bakterie i Biofilm i jakie stężenie maja po 72 godzinach - tabele i zdiecia
Badania antybiotyki dzialajace na 3 formy bakterii :Wyniki:
Doksycyklina zabija krętki ~ 90%, ale zwiększyła liczbę cyst około dwukrotnie.
Amoksycylina zabija krętka w ~ 85% -90% a cysty w ~ 68%.
Metronidazol kretki ~ 90% i cysty o ~ 80%.
Tygecyklina i tynidazol - krętek~ 80% cysty -90%.
Oceniane antybiotyki ZMNIEJSZYLY biofilmu jedynie o 30% -55%.
tylko tinidazol zmniejsza żywotnosc organizmów o ~ 90%.
Po leczeniu przez innymi antybiotykami żywych organizmów - bakterii,,biofilmu,cyst zostaje 70% -85%
Wnioski: Antybiotyki mają różne skutki dla różnych form morfologicznych B. burgdorferi. Trwałość żywych organizmów w cystach i kolonii biofilmu- może wyjaśniać niepowodzenia leczenia i utrzymywanie sie uporczywych objawow w Boreliozie po antybiotykoterapii.
http://www.biologischmedischcentrumbmc.nl/Lyme%20treatment%20Tinidazole.htm
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Published in Townsend Letter, the Examiner of Alternative Medicine (sic)
July 2010
-----------------------------------------In Vitro Effectiveness of Samento and Banderol Herbal Extracts on the Different Morphological Forms of Borrelia Burgdorferi
by Akshita Datar, Navroop Kaur, Seema Patel, David F. Luecke, and Eva Sapi, PhD
Lyme Disease Research Group University of New Haven
Abstract
A tick-borne, multisystemic disease, Lyme borreliosis caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi has grown into a major public health problem during the last 10 years. The primary treatment for chronic Lyme disease is administration of various antibiotics. However, relapse often occurs when antibiotic treatment is discontinued. One possible explanation for this is that B. burgdorferi become resistant to antibiotic treatment, by converting from their vegetative spirochete form into different round bodies and/or into biofilmlike colonies. There is an urgent need to find novel therapeutic agents that can eliminate all these different morphologies of B. burgdorferi. In this study, two herbal extracts, Samento and Banderol, as well as doxycycline (one of the primary antibiotics for Lyme disease treatment) were tested for their in vitro effectiveness on several of the different morphological forms of B. burgdorferi (spirochetes, round bodies, and biofilmlike colonies) using fluorescent, darkfield microscopic, and BacLight viability staining methods. Our results demonstrated that both herbal agents, but not doxycycline, had very significant effects on all forms of B. burgdorferi, especially when used in combination, suggesting that herbal agents could provide an effective therapeutic approach for Lyme disease patients.
In this study, our working hypothesis was that for an efficient therapy, we have to find antimicrobial agents that can eliminate all the forms of B. burgdorferi. During the course of Borrelia infection, the bacteriumcan shift among the different forms, converting from the spirochete form to the others when presented with an unfavorable environment and reverting to the spirochete when the condition is again favorable for growth.1-4 To successfully eradicate B. burgdorferi, antimicrobial agents should eliminate all those forms, including the spirochetes, round bodies, and biofilmlike colonies.
Here we have provided evidence that two natural antimicrobial agents (Samento and Banderol extracts) had significant effect on all three known forms of B. burgdorferi bacteria in vitro. We have also demonstrated that doxycycline, one of the primary antibiotics used in the clinic to treat Lyme disease, only had significant effect on the spirochetal form of B. burgdorferi.5
Our later results might provide some explanation for why relapse is so common after discontinuing antibiotic therapy. For example, some of the recent reports on animal experiments demonstrated that although pharmaceutical antibiotics are effective in ameliorating disease, the infection may persist even after seemingly effective therapy, which suggested that Borrelia may remain viable even after antibiotic administration.14-15 If those pharmaceutical antibiotics only eliminate one form of this bacterium, the other forms could be the source of the persistent disease.
The other very important fact needs to be considered for an effective treatment for Borrelia infection: this bacterium typically has a life span ranging from several weeks to six to eight months; therefore, it may take six to eight months for even one generation of Borrelia to become exposed to the antimicrobial for elimination.16 Since the herbal extracts like Samento are reported to be nontoxic, they can be safely taken daily for the long period of time necessary to thoroughly eradicate Borrelia from an infected body.17
In summary, our study has provided in vitro research data on a novel treatment approach using herbal antimicrobial agents to efficiently eradicate B. burgdorferi, the Lyme disease bacterium.----------------------------------------------------------------
- it was published in "Townsend Letter" (a magazine about alternative medicine)
- ...so it wasn't published in an authoritative peer-reviewed scientific journal
- the Borrelia biofilm is still hypothetical (hence the use of the term "biofilmlike")
- it's an in vitro study, not in vivo (what happens in vitro may not happen at all in vivo)
- some findings are in contradiction with earlier studies (which were published in scientific journals)
- possibility of conflicts of interest? Check out the following section from the article:
(...)
Samento and Banderol were obtained from Nutramedix LLC (Jupiter, Florida).
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Stress and biofilms
The stress hormone norepinephrine affects parts of the brain where attention and responding actions are controlled. Along with epinephrine, norepinephrine also underlies the fight-or-flight response, directly increasing heart rate, triggering the release of glucose from energy stores, and increasing blood flow to skeletal muscle. Norepinephrine is synthesized from dopamine by dopamine β-hydroxylase. The gene for dopamine β-hydroxylase has shown some association linkages with the gene that controls ABO blood type. (8)
Norepinephrine can substitute for the AI-3 auto-inducer and result in biofilm growth. Both epinephrine and norepinephrine are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Since the major link between ABO and dopamine appears to be via the null alleles (people who are type O blood) we could hypothesize that blood group O individuals, who are highly stressed (or otherwise hyper-adrenalized), may have more problems with infections or overgrowth in the gut. This may be especially relevant for those type O individuals who possess the "Hunter" epigenotype.
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Herbal medicine and biofilms
I've been using this herbal combination in my practice for chronic, stubborn or otherwise long-lasting infectious states. Its components address many of the issues that I've discussed above.
Seaweeds
Seaweeds are well-known to possess an amazing ability to resist biofilm formation. This is probably an evolutionary adaptation to the harsh demands of having to eek out a living at the interface of land and sea, a bioterrain full of life and threats. Marine scientists and surgeons from Newcastle University are currently developing a nasal spray that uses the enzyme NucB found in seaweed to help clear chronic sinusitis. When tested on biofilms from 24 different strains of sinusitis bacteria, NucB broke through and dispersed 58 percent of them. Once these biofilms are dispersed, the released bacteria are helpless against the very antibiotics they once repelled as a group. (20,21)
Andrographis paniculata
Since ancient times, Andrographis has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic systems of medicine as well as in tribal medicine in India and some other countries. The plant extract exhibits antityphoid and antifungal activities. (9) Andrographis is also reported to possess hepato-protective, antibiotic, antimalarial, and anti-inflammatory properties. (10)
Andrographolide, the main active component of the herb Andrographis paniculata was recently reported to act by inhibiting the bacterial quorum sensing system. (11) A recent study using variations (analogues) of andrographolide verified this observation. (12)
Andrographis has unquestioned activity in chronic respiratory problems. I think the next few years will witness this plant assuming precedence in infectious disease management that few herbs (with perhaps the exception of Artemesia annua for malaria) ever achieve.
Scutellaria baicalensis
Chinese Skullcap flavonoid is a member of the mint family and has long been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine, as a digestive aid, and to normalize an over-active digestive system. Scutellaria has been shown to decrease inflammatory cytokine production from human mast cells (immune system hormones which ramp up inflammation). Scutellaria also has a cell-regulating effect; encouraging the body to more efficiently remove cells which have become dysfunctional, either though age or malformation. (13)
Baicalein, a flavone found in the leaves of Scutellaria, has been shown to affect the ability of bacteria to adapt to antibiotics. Bacteria become resistant to medication such as antibiotics by maximizing their ability to flush them out of their cell bodies. Scutellaria blocks this by inhibiting the removal (efflux) of the drug through what are called MDR (multiple drug resistance) pumps. When used with antibiotics, Baicalein noticably increased the efficacy of several antibiotics. (14)
Chinese Skullcap has a variety of actions in the body but I've found that the real benefit of the herb in instances of infection is its remarkable ability to limit the ability of microbes to develop resistance to medication. There is also some evidence that Chinese Skullcap is directly damaging to the bacteria outer membrane as well.
Schisandra chinensis
A renowned herb in Chinese medicine, Schisandra invigorates the RNA-DNA molecules to reconstruct cells and enhance the fitness of the adrenal glands. Adaptogenic herbs, like schisandra, have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to improve the ability of the body to respond to stress. (15) The major constituents in schisandra are lignans (schizandrin, deoxyschizandrin, gomisins, and pregomisin) found in the seeds of the fruit. Modern Chinese research suggests these lignans have a protective effect on the liver and an immunomodulating effect. (16)
Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae
Practitioners of Chinese medicine believe that Atractylodes affects the Spleen and Stomach meridians, or energy pathways in the body, serving as a "Spleen Qi tonic," meaning that it rebuilds metabolic function by increasing nutrition, increasing energy, and regulating fluids. White Atractylodes is also thought to have restorative, normalizing effects on the digestive system and liver. (17)
Eleutherococcus senticosus
This herb is also known as Siberian ginseng. The applicable parts of Siberian ginseng are the root and leaf. The lignin constituent sesamin, and the phenylpropanoid syringin seem to have immunostimulatory effects. (18) Long known as an adaptogen, Siberian Ginseng is considered to possess stress-modulating effects, including optimization of the HPA (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal "fight or flight" stress axis. Siberian ginseng and Schisandra chinensis stimulate the expression of chemicals (Hsp70, Hsp72) involved in the chemical defense against stress. (19)
I like using these herbs in an otherwise rather "allopathic" formula since it is important to remember that tissue repair and healing is critical to preventing recurrence. Stress seems to really impact biofilm formation, so controlling (modulating) noradrenaline levels in the gut makes a lot of sense.
This herbal approach works well with whatever anti-lectin therapy (diet, anti-adhesion supplements) I'm using with the patient.
http://www.dadamo.com/txt/index.pl?1025
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